Pesticides of various kinds have been used on a large scale in China since the 1950s to protect crops from damages inflicted by insects and diseases. Annual pesticide production reached more than 500,000 metric tons after the mid-1990s (Huang et al., 2000). China was the second largest pesticide using country in the world in the 1980s and is the largest pesticide-using country in the world in the 1990s (Wang, 1999). The overall goal of this study is to have a better understanding of both positive and negative impacts of farm pesticide use on rice production and farmer's health.