This study provides information on the potential health impacts of two methods of waste incineration in Manila, the Philippines. To do this, it models the performance of a hypothetical incineration facility, using two different technologies. Using a combination of pollution dispersion and health impact modelling, the study investigates how dioxin pollution from the incinerator would increase the occurrence of cancer in the surrounding population. This health impact is economically valued and added to the direct costs of running the incinerator. The study finds that incineration technology is available that meets the Philippines's national pollution guidelines on dioxin emissions - namely modular starved-air incineration should therefore be re-examined.