In recent years, Vietnam has modernized il:s economic policies. Fositive results include an economic growth rate averaging 8 percent per annum (1985-l996), increased foreign investment, and improved living standards for its citizens. However, along with rapid economic growth and industrialisation, Vietnam is facing serious environmental degradation such as water and air pollution from factories; deforestation; soil erosion; and contaminated water sources due to the over-use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides.
To attain sustainable development, Vietnam must immediately address the environmental degradation situation through a mixture of measures such as: laws and regulations, environmental technology, environmental economic policies, enhanced people participation, and increased environmental awareness of different stakeholders.